Her decision is a devastating blow for the government because its survival depends on its ability to hold ground in seats such as her electorate of Chisholm in suburban Melbourne,which she won by a margin of just 1.6 per cent at the last election after leaving a successful career in business.
"I have always listened to the people who elected me and put Australia's national interest before internal political games,factional party figures,self-proclaimed power-brokers and certain media personalities who bear vindictive,mean-spirited grudges intent on settling their personal scores,"Ms Banks said in a statement.
"Last week's events were the last straw.
"More important,the people of Chisholm know that I say what I think. They know that I will always call out bad behaviour and will not tolerate any form of bullying or intimidation. I have experienced this both from within my own party and from the Labor Party."
The announcement came after a frantic 24 hours of negotiation as Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Treasurer Josh Frydenberg urged Ms Banks to stay in Parliament and fight the next election to hold her crucial marginal seat.
Fairfax Media understands Ms Banks told the two leaders of her decision on Tuesday but could not be persuaded to stay because of her frustration at the way the Liberal party room toppled Mr Turnbull and the deputy leader,Julie Bishop.