The continuing overhaul of the migration system comes after the Albanese government earlier this week announcedrelated reforms aimed at combatting corruption in the overseas education sector,including a new anti-corruption unit to police the nation’s vocational and training industry and combat dodgy education agents.

Trafficked unveiled allegations of visa rorting,human trafficking and exploitation in Australia,including in a booming underground prostitution industry controlled by organised criminals such as Xie.

The expulsion of Xie – a Chinese triad snakehead known by UK police as The Hammer due to his ruthless disposition – comes a decade after he illegally entered Australia to allegedly rebuild the sex trafficking empire shut down by British authorities,who jailed Xie in Britain in 2013.

Xie allegedly set up a nationwide sex network that police warned wasmoving Asian women around Australia like “cattle”.

Xie’s story served as a powerful case study of failings in the migration system,given his ability not only to enter and remain in Australia despite his serious criminal past but the ease with which he worked with corrupt migration and education agents to procure dodgy visas for overseas sex workers who faced extreme risk of exploitation after entering Australia.

Trafficked also revealed how state and federal agencies had spent years issuingconfidential warnings about migration rorting involving syndicates gaming the visa system to bring criminals or exploited workers into Australia,a problem confirmed by Nixon in her inquiry.

Trafficked also led to the creation of a new multi-agency taskforce,Inglenook. Official data released by the government this week reveals that in addition to Xie’s arrest and deportation,Inglenook has blocked 45 foreign nationals with Australian visas and who are deemed “known facilitators” of visa fraud from re-entering Australia.

Another 79 facilitators have separately been refused immigration clearance,while more than 165 “persons of interest” have been probed to “determine complicity in exploiting the temporary visa program”.

In July,this masthead and60 Minutesrevealed that violent Albanian mafia figures were similarly exploiting the visa system to move narcotics and people into Australia.

In her inquiry,Nixon concluded that it was clear that “gaps and weaknesses” in Australia’s visa system were enabling criminal organisations to exploit people and make money.

She called on the government to reform the visa and migration system,the overseas education sector,law enforcement responses and sex industry rules to help combat “abhorrent crimes” that Nixon warned had remained partially hidden by “seemingly higher law enforcement priorities such as illicit drugs,tobacco and unauthorised maritime arrivals”.

Notably absent from the Albanese government’s decision to release its reform package over three days this week was thesuspended Home Affairs secretary Michael Pezzullo. For a decade,Pezzullo led the department that various inquiries have found was not doing enough to safeguard the visa system from exploitation.

Separately,Pezzulloremains the subject of an investigation by the Australian Public Service Commissioner regarding hundreds of leaked texts which he exchanged with Liberal Party powerbroker Scott Briggs.

While the outcome of the investigation is yet to be reached,it is unlikely he will return to his post,government sources said.

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