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A police officer aims his weapon during a police operation against organised crime in the Mare Complex of Rio de Janeiro on October 9.Credit:AP

The country will mobilise 3600 members of the army,navy and air force to increase patrols and monitor the international airports in Rio and Sao Paulo,as well as two maritime ports in Rio and Sao Paulo’s Santos port,the busiest in Latin America — and a major export hub for cocaine.

The deployment is part of a broader plan that includes increasing the number of federal police forces in Rio,improving cooperation between law enforcement agencies and boosting investment in state-of-the-art technology for intelligence gathering.

State and federal authorities have said recently they want to “suffocate” militias by going after their financial resources.

Police clear a street barricade illegally installed at the Mare Complex neighbourhood in Rio on October 9.Credit:AP

Rio’s public security problems go back decades,and any federal crackdown on organised crime needs to be supported by a far-reaching plan,the fruits of which might only be seen years from now,according to Rafael Alcadipani,a public security analyst and professor at the Getulio Vargas Foundation,a university in Sao Paulo.

“The federal government is being rushed into this due to previous lack of action,” said Alcadipani. “The government is trying,but the chance of this not working is huge ... This is an emergency plan,something being done last minute as though it were a problem that arose just now,but it isn’t.”

Justice Minister Flávio Dino said the measures announced on Wednesday (Thursday AEDT) are part of a plan being developed since Lula took office on January 1,and the result of months of consultations with police forces,local officials and public security experts.

Police at the Mare Complex. Security forces have targeted three neighbourhoods controlled by the Red Command drug trafficking group.Credit:AP

The latest wave of unrest in Rio began October 5,when assassins killed three doctors in a beachside bar,mistaking one of them for a member of a militia. The doctors had been attending an international conference at a hotel across the road. The city’s powerful militias emerged in the 1990s and were originally comprised mainly former police officers,firefighters and military men who wanted to combat lawlessness in their neighbourhoods. They charged residents for protection and other services,but more recently moved into drug trafficking themselves.

There has since been increased pressure for the state and federal governments to come up with a plan and demonstrate they have a handle on public security in the postcard city.

On October 9,days after the doctors were killed,Rio state government deployed hundreds of police to three of the city’s sprawling,low-income neighbourhoods controlled by militias such as the Red Command.

On October 23,Rio’s police killed Matheus da Silva Rezende,known as Faustão,nephew of a militia’s leader and a member himself. In a clear show of defiance,criminals went about setting fire to at least 35 buses.

On Wednesday,federal police in Rio said it had arrested another militia leader and key militia members in Rio das Pedras and Barra da Tijuca,both in Rio state. They also seized several luxurious,bullet-resistant cars,a property and cash.