Meanwhile,congressional leaders on Friday invited Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to deliver an address at the US Capitol. The invitation from House Speaker Mike Johnson,a Republican,and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer,a Democrat,has been in the works for some time though there is great concern,especially among the Democrats,about Israel’s pursuit of the war.

No date for the speech was set.

Biden acknowledged that keeping the Israeli proposal on track would be difficult,saying there were a number of “details to negotiate” to move from the first phase to the second.

One roadblock to overcome during the first phase would involve the two sides agreeing on the ratio of hostages to prisoners to be released in phase two,according to a senior Biden administration official who briefed reporters on the condition of anonymity.

Biden’s remarks came as the Israeli military confirmed that its forces were now operating in central parts of Rafah in its expanding offensive in the southern Gaza city.

Biden called it “a truly decisive moment”. He added that Hamas said it wanted a ceasefire and that an Israeli-phased deal was an opportunity to prove “whether they really mean it”.

But even as Biden pressed for the “war to end and for the day after to begin”,Israeli officials have made clear they remain committed to a military defeat of Hamas.

Biden is in the midst of a tough reelection battle and has faced backlash from some on the political left who want to see him put greater pressure on Netanyahu’s government to end the war.

Netanyahu’s office in a statement following Biden’s speech said he authorised Israel’s hostage negotiating team to find a way to release the remaining hostages.

But the Israelis maintain “the war will not end until all of its goals are achieved,including the return of all our abductees and the elimination of Hamas’ military and governmental capabilities”. The prime minister’s office also called for the “exact outline” proposed by Israel to be followed.

Matt Duss,executive vice president for the Centre for International Policy in Washington,said the Netanyahu reaction suggested the “possibility of daylight between a proposal Israel would accept and what President Biden outlined”.

Hamas said in a statement it viewed the proposal presented by Biden “positively” and called on the Israelis to declare explicit commitment to an agreement that includes a permanent ceasefire,a complete withdrawal of Israeli troops from Gaza,a prisoner exchange and other conditions.

Israel has faced growing international criticism for its strategy of systematic destruction in Gaza,at a huge cost in civilian lives. Israeli bombardments and ground offensives in the besieged territory have killed more than 36,000 Palestinians,according to Gaza’s Health Ministry,which does not distinguish between combatants and civilians.

Biden also addressed those in Israel who resist ending the war. Some members of Netanyahu’s far-right coalition have opposed any deal that falls short of eradicating Hamas and they have called for an enduring occupation of Gaza.

“They want to keep fighting for years,and the hostages are not a priority to them,” Biden said. “I’ve urged leadership of Israel to stand behind this deal.”

He said Israel risked draining its resources and becoming further isolated internationally the longer the war goes on.

“The people of Israel should know they can make this offer without any further risk to their security,” Biden said. “I know there are those in Israel who will not agree with this plan.”

Biden made no mention of establishing Palestinian statehood,something that he has repeatedly said is key to achieving long-term peace in the region. The US administration has also been working to forge normalisation between Israel and Saudi Arabia,the region’s two biggest powers. But the Saudis are opposed to any agreement that does not include concrete steps towards the creation of a Palestinian state.

Israel launched its war in Gaza after Hamas’ October 7 attack in which militants stormed into southern Israel,killed some 1200 people – mostly civilians – and abducted about 250. Israel says around 100 hostages are still captive in Gaza,along with the bodies of around 30 more.

Ceasefire talks ground to a halt at the beginning of the month after a major push by the US and other mediators to secure a deal,in hopes of averting a planned Israeli invasion of the southern city of Rafah.

The talks were stymied by a central sticking point:Hamas demands guarantees that the war will end and Israeli troops will withdraw from Gaza completely in return for a release of all the hostages,a demand Israel rejects.

The outline of the new Israeli proposal is “nearly identical to Hamas’s own proposals of only a few weeks ago,” according to the Biden administration official.

There were no details available on any proposal on who would run Gaza after the reconstruction.

AP,Bloomberg